Add Docker setup and DI container auto-wiring

- Add Dockerfile, docker-compose.yml, .dockerignore
  - Add instance() binding for concrete objects in App container
  - Add make() for auto-wiring class dependencies
  - Add clear() for test isolation
  - Document new container features in MVC skill

.ai/skills/mvc/SKILL.md

@@ -154,6 +154,17 @@ public function index(Database $db): Response
 }
 ```
 
+**Binding concrete instances:** Use `$app->instance($name, $obj)` to bind a specific object by key. Instances take precedence over bindings when resolving.
+
+**Auto-wiring:** Use `$app->make(SomeClass::class)` to resolve a class with its constructor dependencies injected automatically:
+
+```php
+$repo = $app->make(EmployeeRepository::class);
+// $app checks bindings first, then instantiates the class and resolves its constructor
+```
+
+**Test isolation:** Call `$app->clear()` to reset all bindings and instances between test runs.
+
 Do not call `Request::capture()` inside action bodies. Declare the parameter instead.
 
 ---

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+.git
+.ai
+vendor
+database/app.sqlite

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+FROM php:8.5-apache
+
+# Install pdo_sqlite and enable mod_rewrite
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y libsqlite3-dev \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
+    && docker-php-ext-install pdo_sqlite \
+    && a2enmod rewrite
+
+# Install Composer
+COPY --from=composer:latest /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer
+
+# Configure Apache virtual host
+COPY docker/vhost.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
+COPY docker/entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
+RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
+
+WORKDIR /var/www/html
+
+# Copy application files
+COPY . .
+
+# Generate autoloader (no external dependencies — just generates vendor/autoload.php)
+RUN composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader --no-interaction
+
+# Create database directory and set correct permissions
+RUN mkdir -p database \
+    && chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html \
+    && chmod 775 database
+
+EXPOSE 80
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh"]

core/App.php

@@ -5,21 +5,55 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Core;
 
 use Exception;
+use ReflectionClass;
 use ReflectionFunction;
+use ReflectionFunctionAbstract;
 use ReflectionMethod;
 
 class App
 {
     protected array $bindings = [];
 
+    protected array $instances = [];
+
     public function bind(string $name, mixed $value): void
     {
         $this->bindings[$name] = $value;
     }
 
+    public function instance(string $name, mixed $value): void
+    {
+        $this->instances[$name] = $value;
+    }
+
+    public function make(string $className): object
+    {
+        if (isset($this->bindings[$className])) {
+            $binding = $this->bindings[$className];
+
+            if (is_string($binding) && is_a($binding, $className, true)) {
+                return $this->instantiate($binding);
+            }
+
+            return $binding;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->instances[$className])) {
+            return $this->instances[$className];
+        }
+
+        return $this->instantiate($className);
+    }
+
+    public function clear(): void
+    {
+        $this->bindings = [];
+        $this->instances = [];
+    }
+
     public function get(string $name): mixed
     {
-        return $this->bindings[$name] ?? null;
+        return $this->instances[$name] ?? $this->bindings[$name] ?? null;
     }
 
     public function call(callable|array|string $handler, array $parameters = []): mixed
@@ -72,8 +106,20 @@ class App
             if ($type instanceof \ReflectionNamedType && !$type->isBuiltin()) {
                 $typeName = $type->getName();
 
+                if (array_key_exists($typeName, $this->instances)) {
+                    $args[] = $this->instances[$typeName];
+                    continue;
+                }
+
                 if (array_key_exists($typeName, $this->bindings)) {
-                    $args[] = $this->bindings[$typeName];
+                    $binding = $this->bindings[$typeName];
+
+                    if (is_string($binding) && is_a($binding, $typeName, true)) {
+                        $args[] = $this->instantiate($binding);
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $args[] = $binding;
                     continue;
                 }
             }
@@ -83,4 +129,26 @@ class App
 
         return $args;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @param class-string $className
+     */
+    protected function instantiate(string $className): object
+    {
+        $reflection = new ReflectionClass($className);
+
+        if (!$reflection->isInstantiable()) {
+            throw new Exception("Cannot instantiate {$className}: class is not instantiable.");
+        }
+
+        $constructor = $reflection->getConstructor();
+
+        if ($constructor === null) {
+            return new $className();
+        }
+
+        $args = $this->resolveArgs($constructor, []);
+
+        return $reflection->newInstanceArgs($args);
+    }
 }

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+services:
+  app:
+    build: .
+    ports:
+      - "8080:80"
+    volumes:
+      - .:/var/www/html
+    environment:
+      APP_DEBUG: "true"

docker/entrypoint.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+
+mkdir -p database
+chmod 777 database
+
+composer install --no-interaction --quiet
+
+# Runs as root — migrations may create database/app.sqlite owned by root.
+php scripts/migrate.php up
+
+# Fix ownership after migrations so www-data (Apache) can write.
+# chmod works on Windows volume mounts even when chown is ignored by p9fs.
+chmod 777 database
+chmod 666 database/app.sqlite
+
+exec apache2-foreground

docker/vhost.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+    ServerName localhost
+    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/public
+
+    <Directory /var/www/html/public>
+        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
+        AllowOverride All
+        Require all granted
+    </Directory>
+
+    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
+    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
+</VirtualHost>